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This potent antioxidant acts as the defense line to fight against free radicals and other DNA-affecting compounds present in pollutants, overexposure to sun rays, and smoking habits

Activation of the NRF2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway leads to elevated GSH levels, reduced MDA and ROS accumulation, suppression of neuronal ferroptosis, lipid peroxidation, and amino acid antioxidant dysfunction, ultimately mitigating neuronal injury

The standard protocol involves 5 to 10 mg daily via subcutaneous injection for 10 to 20 consecutive days, repeated once or twice per year with 4 to 6 months between cycles

So, injections are a more direct way to make sure your body gets the B12 it needs, while tablets might not work as efficiently because they have to go through your stomach and intestines first

doi: 10.1007/s00436-013-3352-0 122 DelahayeNFColtelNPuthierDBarbierMBenechPJolyFet al