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Matthews AM, Hinson JA, Roberts DW, Pumford NR

The goal: replace assumptions with facts and make the case that expanding access to personalized medication should be a public health priority

The GHK-Cu half life dictates everything

Some clinical trials have demonstrated modest improvements in skin brightness and reduction of hyperpigmentation, but these effects develop slowly over several months of consistent use

Emerging evidence suggests it may reduce inflammatory markers like high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), though whether this represents direct anti-inflammatory action or secondary benefits from metabolic improvements remains under investigation