For smoking intensity (C), CES-D is the only mediator with a statistically significant indirect effect (=0.0008
1 2 3 "2013 Census QuickStats about Mori"
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see the Hazardous Substances Data Bank for more information.[6] In 2020, acrolein was classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A).[7] This decision was based on sufficient evidence of the carcinogenicity of acrolein in two rodent species (mice and rats), and strong evidence that acrolein shows many key characteristics of carcinogens.[7,8] Other health effects associated with acrolein exposure include eye and respiratory irritation, and changes in lung function and tissue damage within the respiratory tract.[2,9] Acute exposure may lead to respiratory distress, eye and nasal irritation, and skin irritation or burns.[10] Regulations and Guidelines Occupational exposure limits (OEL)[11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25] ppm = parts per million sk = easily absorbed through the skin stel = short term exposure limit (15 min
While they are not as expensive, they might not be as effective either