These are neurotoxin induction-based models (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and agricultural pesticides (rotenone, paraquat)), pharmacological models (reserpine or haloperidol treated rats), and genetic models (-synuclein, leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), DJ-1, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase 1 (PINK-1) and Parkin)
Some people use oral tablets, gummies, liquids, or sublingual products
This is significant since elevated KYN/TRP ratios and neuroactive metabolites like quinolinic acid are linked with symptoms in disorders, including ME/CFS
Here is what we do not know
- Promotes healthy red blood cell production