Transport of toxic metals by molecular mimicry
GR1 is present in the cytosol and peroxisomes and GR2 in mitochondria and chloroplasts (Mller-Schssele et al., 2020)
B-Complex Vitamins & B12 Act as coenzymes in ATP synthesis and neurotransmitter formation, bypassing GI absorption limits to replenish depleted stores and support nervous system function
Although nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a critical redox cofactor, declines in post-ovulatory oocytes, NR supplementation effectively prevents this loss, restoring metaphase II (MII) oocyte quality by maintaining chromosomal integrity and alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, which may enhance ART success (Zhu et al., 2025)
Carnitine, embryo development and post-natal growth Zhai and co-workers examined the effect of dietary supplementation of LC (125 ppm) on the reproductive traits of male and female White Leghorn chicken