This is also true, of course, in biological experimentation
Similarly, a study performed using cortical neurons from rats showed that VPA treatment led to alterations in antioxidant defenses like GSSG and GSH and increases in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial damage, and lipid peroxidation, with an overall decrease in cell viability 17
For someone dealing with post-weight-loss skin laxity, this matters enormously
Effects include: Lethargy/Fatigue: If the dosage is too high or administered at an inappropriate time, it may cause excessive fatigue or lethargy upon waking
Urolithin A attenuates pro-inflammatory mediator production by suppressing PI3-K/Akt/NF-B and JNK/AP-1 signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Raw264 macrophages: possible involvement of NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species