While the exact causes of these erythrocyte changes are due to fibrin amyloid microclots or other factors, such as ROS (which can cause RBC changes as well [367, 368]), remain unclear, they likely contribute to the oxidative stress observed in Long COVID [369, 370]
Int Immunopharmacol 122:110595 Li T-g, Shui L, Ge D-y, Pu R, Bai S-m, Lu J, Chen YS (2019) Moxibustion reduces inflammatory response in the hippocampus of a chronic exercise-induced fatigue rat
Gzielo K, Nikiforuk A (2022) The effects of positive allosteric modulators of 7nachr on social play behavior in adolescent rats prenatally exposed to valproic acid
Autoimmun Rev 17(7):639643
Micro-dosing BPC-157 works through sustained low-level stimulation rather than aggressive intervention