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Nicotine is named after 16thcentury French scholar Jean Nicot, who promoted its medicinal qualities, and in the 1570s Spanish doctor Nicolas Monardes recommended tobacco as a cure for 36 ailments including toothache, worms, halitosis and cancer

The agency has also provided resources to retailers to improve compliance with tobacco laws and regulations, including a voluntary education program called "This is Our Watch," which offers free resources to help retailers calculate the age of customers, including a digital age verification calendar and an age calculator app

The body needs additional oxygen, and nicotine speeds up the heart rate

But while health officials scramble to govern e-cigarettes, many are torn between their potential to help smokers quit and their dangers shared with regular tobacco

Local crime and stickups put bodega workers in danger, some losing their lives in shootings